H374. ephah

אֵיפָה‎₃₅, אֵפָה‎

noun feminine ephah (etymology dubious, ᵐ5‎. οιφι etc., compare Coptic ôipi, Thes Lag^{Or. ii. 2 & cit}.) — ׳א‎ Numbers 5:15 +; אֵפָה‎ Exodus 16:36 +; construct אֵיפַת‎ Leviticus 19:36 +; — ephah, a grain-measure.

1 a certain quantity of wheat, barley, etc. = ten omers (עֹמֶר‎) Exodus 16:36 (compare in measure of offerings Leviticus 5:11; 6:13; Numbers 5:15; 28:5, all הָא ׳עֲשִׂירִית‎; = 1/10 chomer (חֹמֶר‎) Ezekiel 45:11 (= bath, בַּת‎, liquid measure q. v.) compare Isaiah 5:10; chiefly of offerings, see above & 1 Samuel 1:24; Ezekiel 45:13 (twice in verse); 45:24 (3 t. in verse); 46:5 (twice in verse); 46:7 (3 t. in verse); 46:11 (3 t. in verse); 46:14; compare Judges 6:19, but also of food 1 Samuel 17:17 compare Ruth 2:17 & Isaiah 5:10 above

2 receptacle or measure, holding an ephah, in prophetic vision Zechariah 5:6-7, 8, 9, 10; just measure אֵיפַתצֶֿדֶק‎ Leviticus 19:36 ("" צ ׳הִֶין ׳אַבְנֵיצֿ, ׳מאֹזְנֵיצֿ,‎) compare Ezekiel 45:10-11, וָצ ׳שׁלֵמָה אֵיפָה‎ Deuteronomy 25:15 ("" שׁ ׳אֶבֶן ׳וָצ‎); of unjust measure וְאֵיפָה אֵיפָה‎ 25:14; Proverbs 20:10; א ׳הַקְטִין‎ Amos 8:5; רָווֺן אֵיפַת‎ Micah 6:10. (On the actual size of ephah, compare בַּת‎).

אֵיפֹה‎ see below אַי‎. P.33

אושׁ אישׁ,‎ (Stem assumed in Thes for אִישׁ‎; existence & meaning somewhat dubious Thes (Add) & most derive אִישׁ‎ from [אִנְשְׁ‎] √ אנשׁ‎ (q. v.) In favour are plural אֲנָשִׁים‎, feminine אִשָּׁה‎ = [אִנְשָׁה‎], lack of proven √ אישׁ‎, & lack of clear parallels for אישׁ‎ in cognate languages. Against the derivation of אִישׁ‎ from inš is the vocalization (ִ י‎, and that fully written, not ֵ‎), maintained even with suffixes, the (rare) plural אִישִׁים‎, the impossibility of deriving אִישׁ‎ & אִשָּׁה‎ from same √ (אִשָּׁה‎ from ), the existence of אֱנוֺשׁ‎ as parallel form, and the (exceptional) parallel Aramaic איש‎ (Inscription of Carpentras), also Arabic (compare Frey) "" ; MI, SI, Phoenician אש‎ are not decisive; Sabean has both אסם‎ & אנסם‎; the former apparently = אִישׁ‎, the latter אֱנוֺשׁ‎; but on former compare DHM^{ZK 1884, 360 &} SabDenkm^{37. On the} whole, probability seems to favour √ אישׁ‎; Thes gave meaning be strong; Dl^{HA 9, Pr 161} compare Assyrian išanu, strong (compare Dl^{w. p. 244}), & proper name יְהוֺאָשׁ‎; compare also Prät^{LOPh Feb. 1884}; otherwise DHM^{l. e. & ZMG 1883, 330} & especially Nö^{ZMG 1886, 739} Lag^{BN 68}; compare also Wetzst in De^{Psalmen, ed. 4, p. 888} and others see also אֱנוֺשׁ אנשׁ,‎).