H1157. baad

בַּ֫עַד‎₁₀₅ substantive properly separation, with a Genitive, in separation from, in usage a

preposition away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Arabic , of time, after) — absolute Song of Solomon 4:1, 3; 6:7, elsewhere construct בְּעַד‎, with suffix בַּעֲדִי‎ Exodus 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִי‎ Psalm 139:11; בַּעַדְךָ‎ Genesis 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֺ‎ etc.; 1 plural בַּעֲדֵנוּ‎, Amos 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ‎; בַּעַדְכֶם‎ 1 Samuel 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם‎ Leviticus 9:7 +; —

1 literal

a. with verbs of falling, letting down, leaning forward so as to look out, through (literally away from) a window, etc.: Joshua 2:15 and she let him down by a cord הַחַלּוֺן בְּעַד‎ away from the window, i.e. out through it, 1 Samuel 19:12; 2 Samuel 20:21; 2 Kings 1:2 and A. fell הַשְּׂבָּכָה בְּעַד‎ out through the lattice; Genesis 26:8; Judges 5:28 out through the window נִשְׁקְפָה‎ she looked forth (literally leant forward), 2 Samuel 6:26 +; pregnantly Job 22:13 will he judge עֲרָפֶל בְּעַד‎ (looking) out through the thick clouds ? Conversely Joel 2:9 in through the windows they come (the locusts) as a thief.

b. idiomatic with verbs of shutting, especially בְּעַד סָגַר‎ to shut behind or upon — whether oneself, Judges 9:51 and they entered the tower בַּעֲדָם וַיִּסְגְּרוּ‎ and shut (the doors) upon themselves (that is, from the inside), 2 Kings 4:4-5, 33; Isaiah 26:20; or another, Genesis 7:16 י ׳וַיִּסְגֹּר בַּעֲדוֺ‎ and ׳י‎ shut behind or upon him (that is, from the outside), i.e. shut him in, Judges 3:23 (the suffix in בַּעֲדוֺ‎ referrring to Eglon), 2 Kings 4:21 (but N.B. persons leaving a room shut the door אַחֲרֵי‎ themselves Genesis 19:6; 2 Samuel 13:17-18,): see also Judges 3:22; 1 Samuel 1:6 י ׳סָגַּר רַחְמָהּ בְּעַד‎ (compare Genesis 20:18 רֶחֶם בְּעַד עָצַר‎), Job 9:7 בְּעַד חָתַם‎ to seal up, 1:10; 3:23 בְּעַד (הֵסֵךְ) שׂוּךְ‎ to make a hedge about, Lamentations 3:7 בְּעַד גָּדַר‎ to fence about. Somewhat peculiarly Lam 9:10 (who say,) Evil will not draw near, or come in front בַּעֲדֵינוּ‎ so as to be about us (but Gr עָדֵינוּ‎ unto us), Joel 2:8 (of the locusts) יִמֹּ֑לוּ הַשֶּׁלַח בְּעַד‎ (probably) in among the weapons they throw themselves (i.e. they pass about and between them without being injured or having their course impeded), 1 Samuel 4:18 and Eli fell backward הַשַּׁעַר יַד בְּעַד‎, i.e. (si vera 1.) about the side of the gate: but text dubious; see Dr. Without a verb Jonah 2:7 the earth, בַעֲדִי בְּרִיחֶיהָ‎ her bars were upon me (or about me) for ever, Psalm 139:11 night shall be the light about me, 3:4 thou בַּעֲדִי מָגֵּן‎ art a shield about me. Hence

c. after a verb of protecting, Zechariah 12:8 in that day ירושׁלם ׳יָגֵןי יושׁב בְּעַד‎ will ׳י‎ give protection about, etc.

2 metaph. on behalf of (ὑπέρ); very frequently after הִתְמַּלֵּל‎ Genesis 20:7; Numbers 21:7; 1 Samuel 7:5; Psalm 72:15 +; also with other verbs of entreating Exodus 8:24; 1 Samuel 7:9, or consulting (דָּרַשׁ‎) Isaiah 8:19; 2 Kings 22:13; Jeremiah 21:2; with כִּמֶּר‎ atone Exodus 32:30; Leviticus 9:7; 11:6, 11 +, עָשָׂה‎ (= offer) Ezekiel 45:22: see also 2 Samuel 10:12; 12:16; Isaiah 37:4; Jeremiah 7:16; 11:4; Ezekiel 22:30; Proverbs 20:16; 27:13; Psalm 138:8; Job 2:4 עוֺר בְּעַד עוֺר‎ (see עוֺר‎), 6:22. Almost = for the sake of, an account of Proverbs 6:26; Jeremiah 11:14 (but ᵐ5‎. ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵑ6‎ and many MSS. רָעָתָם בְּעֵת‎, compare 11:12; 15:11). Isaiah 32:14 hill and watch-tower מְעָרוֺת בְעַד הָיָה‎ are come to be on behalf of (i.e. take the place of, serve as) caves for ever: but use is singular, and בְּעַד‎ is probably only dittograph from מער‎ in מערות‎ (so Gr). — With לְ ׳מִבַּעַד מִן,‎ (compare לְ ׳מִתַּחַת לְ, ׳מִמַּעַל‎): Song of Solomon 4:1, 3; 6:7 thine eyes are doves לְצַמָּתֵךְ מִבַּעַד‎ from behind thy veil. compare on בַּעַד‎ Grätz^{Monatsschrift, 1879, 49 ff}.