H7218. rosh

I. רֹאשׁ‎₅₉₉ noun masculine^{Leviticus 13:45} head (common Semitic word; earliest form *ra°š, Arabic , Sabean ראס‎ Prä^{ZMG xxix (1875). 425} Mordtm^{Him.Inschr. 31}; Ethiopic Amharic hence (a heightened) Assyrian rêšu (rarely râšu), Aramaic רֵישָׁא‎ (Egyptian Aramaic ראש‎ Cooke^{North-Semitic Inscr. 404}), , modern (Ma'lûla) ra±ša, Huart^{JAs xii (1878), 491} Duval^{id. xiii(1879), 464}; Palmyrene רשא‎, Lzb³⁶⁶, compare Biblical Hebrew רֵאשִׁית רִישׁוֺן,‎; from*ra'š, also Biblical Hebrew ראֹשׁ רָאשׁ֩,‎ (Lag^{Symm. i. 113}), Tel Amarna rušu(nu) Wkl^{189, 18} (gloss to ‡a‡‡adunu), Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; SI⁶ ראש‎, Phoenician ראש רשׁ,‎ (in proper name), Punic rus (in proper name, of a location) Schröd^{Phoenician Spr.133}, ראשת‎ choicest, chief; on MI²⁰ (suffix) רשה‎, Leviticus 1:28 ש‎[ר‎], compare Sm. u. So¹⁴ Nö^{LCB Jan. 8, 1887, 60}); — ׳ר‎ absolute Genesis 3:15 +, construct 40:20 +; suffix ראֹשִׁי‎ 40:16 +, etc.; plural רָאשִׁים‎ (for רְאָשִׁים֩‎ Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}) Exodus 18:25 +; construct רָאשֵׁי‎ Hosea 7:13 + [מֵרַאֲשֹׁתֵי‎ 1 Samuel 26:12 see מְרַאֲשׁוֺת‎ below]; suffix רָאשֵׁינוּ‎ 1 Chronicles 12:19, רָאשֵׁיכֶם‎ Isaiah 29:10 +, etc.; —

1. a. (c. 230 t.) head, of human being; man Genesis 40:16-17,. + often, ׳לְר גֶּבֶר‎ Judges 5:30 for the head of a man, i.e. for each man, per capita; woman 2 Kings 9:30; Deuteronomy 21:12; Numbers 5:18; Esther 2:17; boy 2 Kings 4:19 (twice in verse); Genesis 48:14 (twice in verse) +; of ׳י‎, under figure of armed man Psalm 60:9 = 108:9; of idol 1 Samuel 5:4; of gates, personified Psalm 24:7; 24:9.

b. head, of animals: of serpent Genesis 3:15, dog 2 Samuel 3:8, ass 2 Kings 6:25, of הַחַיָּה‎ in Ezekiel 1:22 compare 1:22; 1:26, of הַכְּרֻבִים‎ 10:1 compare 10:11; of sea-monsters, לִוְיָתָן‎ Job 40:31; Psalm 74:14, תַּנִּינִים‎ 74:13; especially of animals for sacrifice Exodus 12:9; 29:15, 19; Leviticus 1:4, 8, 12, 15; 3:2, 8 18t. P; in phrase ׳ר וְזָנָב‎ Isaiah 9:13 (figurative of noble and commoner) compare 9:14; 19:15, so (figurative of relative dignity, power, influence) Deuteronomy 28:13, 44.

2. a. top (88 t.): of mountain, הַר‎, Genesis 8:5; Exodus 19:20 (twice in verse); 24:17; 34:2 34t.; hill, גִּבְעָה‎, 17:9-10, (E), 2 Samuel 8:25; ׳ר מְרוֺמִים‎ Proverbs 8:2 + 1:21 Toy (for הֹמִיּוֺת ᵑ0‎), שְׁמָנִים ׳ר גֵּיא‎ Isaiah 28:1, 4; of rocks, צֻרִים‎, Numbers 23:9 (JE), crag, סֶלַע‎, 2 Chronicles 25:12 (twice in verse); tower Genesis 11:4 (J), stronghold Judges 6:26, ladder Genesis 28:12 (E), tree 2 Samuel 5:24 = 1 Chronicles 14:15, bough Isaiah 17:6 compare Ezekiel 17:4, 22, mast (?; חִבֵּל‎) Proverbs 23:34 (otherwise Toy); of ears of grain, שִׁבֹּלֶת‎ Job 24:24, of stone Genesis 28:18 (E), bed, מִטָּה‎, 47:31 (J), throne, לַכִּסֵּה׳ר עָגוֺל‎ 1 Kings 10:19, tabernacle, or its wall, Exodus 26:24 = 36:29 (P); pillar ( =capital) 1 Kings 7:16-17, + 13: t., מְכוֺנָה‎ 7:35; 7:35, lampstand Zechariah 4:2 (twice in verse), high priest's robe, מְעִיל‎, Exodus 28:32 (P), ׳ר מִּנָּה‎ Psalm 118:22 top of (the) corner, i.e. most conspicuous stone (figurative); = tip, end, of staves 1 Kings 8:8= 2 Chronicles 5:9, of sceptre Esther 5:2.

b. height of stars Job 22:12 ("" שָׁמַיִם גֹּבַהּ‎).

3: 171

a. head = chief (man) Judges 10:18; 11:8-9, 11; Exodus 18:25 (E), Numbers 1:16 (P), Deuteronomy 1:15; Hosea 2:2; Micah 3:1 + often; apparently combined with idea of first in a series 1 Chronicles 12:10. (van d. H. v.12:9, series of 11); of God 2 Chronicles 13:12.

b. = chief (city) Joshua 11:10 (D), compare (of city and king) Isaiah 7:3, 8, 9 (twice in verse).

c. chief nation Jeremiah 31:7.

d. =chief (place, position) 1 Samuel 9:22; 1 Kings 21:9, 12; Deuteronomy 20:9; 1 Chronicles 4:42 (compare also 5).

e. הָראֹשׁ‎ chief priest 2 Kings 25:18= Jeremiah 52:24; 2 Chronicles 19:11; 24:11; 26:20, ראֹשׁ הַכֹּחֵן‎ 1 Chronicles 27:5, ׳הַכּ ׳הָר‎2 Chronicles 31:10; Ezra 7:5; ׳י‎ alone 2 Chronicles 24:6; הַכֹּהֲנִים רָאשֵׁי‎ Nehemiah 12:7.

f. especially = head of a family (P Chronicles); בֵּית רָאשֵׁי‎ (rare ראֹשׁ‎) (םׅ אֲבוֺתָ‎) Exodus 6:14; Numbers 7:2; Numbers 17:18; Joshua 22:14; 1 Chronicles 5:24; 7:7, 9; ׳ר הָאָבוֺת בֵּית‎ 7:40; ׳ר אֲבֹתָיו לְבֵית‎ Numbers 1:4, compare 1 Chronicles 5:15, 24; 7:2; 9:13; 24:4; ׳ר בַּיתאָֿב אֻמּוֺת‎ Numbers 25:15; הָעַדָה ׳ר אֲבוֺת‎ 31:26; compare 32:28; Joshua 14:1; 21:1; ׳ר הַלְוִיִּם אֲבוֺת‎ Exodus 6:25; Joshua 21:1; ׳ר לַלְּוִיִם (הָ)אָבוֺת‎ 1 Chronicles 9:33-34, 15:12, compare Numbers 36:1; Joshua 19:51; 1 Chronicles 8:6, 13; 23:9, 24 10t. Chronicles; absolute (הָ)אָבוֺת ׳ר‎ 8:10, 28; 9:9; 26:32; 27:1; 2 Chronicles 1:2 8t. Ezra Nehemiah (Chronicles); ׳ר אֲכֹתֵיהֶם‎ Ezra 8:1; לְאָכוֺת רָאשִׁים‎ Nehemiah 11:13; so also ׳י‎ alone 1 Chronicles 5:7, 12; 7:3; 8:28 +; apparently combined with idea of first in a series 23:8 (series of 3), 23:11 (of 4), 23:19 (of 3), 23:20 (of 2).

4. a. head=front, leader's place Micah 2:13; 2 Chronicles 20:27, compare Amos 6:7.

b. of time, beginning, of night-watch Judges 7:19; Lamentations 2:19; absolute מֵראֹשׁ‎ from the beginning Isaiah 40:21; 41:4, 26 ("" מִלְּפָנִים‎), 48:16; Proverbs 8:23 ("" מֵעוֺלָם‎),. Ecclesiastes 3:11 ("" עַדסֿוֺף‎); first of months Exodus 12:2 ("" רִאשׁוֺן‎), Numbers 10:10; 28:11 (all P); בָּראֹשׁ‎ 1 Chronicles 16:7 at first.

c. of things, river-heads Genesis 2:10 (J); ׳ תֵּכֵל עַפְרוֺת‎

5 chief, choicest, best, of spices, כשׂמ(יםׅ‎, Ezekiel 27:22; Exodus 30:23 (P), Song of Solomon 4:14; ׳ר שִׂמְחָתִי‎ Psalm 137:6 the choicest of my joy.

6 head = division of army, company, band : Judges 7:16, 20; 9:34, 37, 43, 44 (twice in verse); 1 Samuel 11:11; 13:17 (twice in verse); 13:18 (twice in verse) Job 1:17.

7 =sum, especially in phrase אֶתרֿ ׳נָשָׂא ׳בְּנֵייִֿשׂ‎ Exodus 30:12take the sum of, enumerate, compare Numbers 1:2, 49; 4:2, 22; 26:2; 31:26, 49; בְּראֹשׁוֺ‎ Leviticus 5:24 in its sum, i.e. in full, so 5:7 (all P); of ׳י‎s thoughts Psalm 139:17; compare אֱמֶת דְּבָֽרְךָ ראֹשׁ‎119:160.

8 other phrase are : פ אֶתרֿאֹשׁ ׳נָשָׂא‎ see נָשָׂא‎ Qal 1 b (2); עַלאֹֿיְבַי ראֹשִׁי יָרוּם‎ Psalm 27:6, ׳י ראֹשִׁי מֵרִים‎ 3:4 (110:7; 140:10 see רום‎); shake the head, see נוּעַ‎

Hiph`il, compare בְּראֹשׁוֺ יָנִיד‎ Jeremiah 8:16, ראֹשׁ מְנוֺד‎ Psalm 44:15; בְּראֹשׁ דֶּרֶךְ נָתַן‎, i.e. requite, see נתן‎ Qal 2 b near the end; ׳בְּר גְּמֻלְךָ יָשׁוּב‎ Obadiah 15, compare 7:17; 1 Kings 2:33 (below דָּם‎ 2i and (with ׳עַלרֿ‎) Esther 9:25, בְּראֹשׁ רָעָה הֵשִׁיב‎ Judges 9:57; 1 Samuel 25:39; 1 Kings 2:44, compare Joel 4:4, 7; 2:32 (sub דָּם‎ 2i, compare Nehemiah 3:36 (אֶלרֿאֹשָׁם‎), see also 2 Samuel 3:29 below 1. חוּל‎

3; see, further, דָּם‎ 2i; Daniel 1:10 see חוּב‎

Pi`el