H410. el

II. אֵל‎ god, אֶלְדָּעָה אֶלְדָּד,‎ etc. see I. אלה‎.

II. אֵל‎ noun masculine (also, in proper name אֱלִי אֶל,‎; Samaritan אל‎, Phoenician אלן אל,‎ (i.e. probably אֵלֹן‎), Sabean אל‎, DHM^{Or. Congr. Leiden, 1883}, Assyrian ilu, Dl^w; perhaps also Arabic, Aramaic compare Nö^{on the passage}; on goddess אלת‎ Phoenician, Palmyrene, Nabataean, Sabean (also אלהת‎) DHM^{l. c}; Arabic (plural ) Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 154}, Assyrian Allatu Jr⁶⁶, Syriac , compare also Bae^{Rel 58, 90, 97, 271, 207}) god, but with various subordinate applications to express idea of might; — hardly ever in prose except with defining word (adjective or Genitive); its only suffix is יִ֯‎; —

1 applied to men of might and rank, גוים אֵל‎ mighty one of the nations Ezekiel 31:11 (of Nebuchadnezzar; ᵐ5‎ ἄρχων ἔθνων, איל‎ some MSS. Co); אֵלִים‎ mighty men Job 41:17 (אילים‎, many MSS. Di); גִבּוֺרִים אֵלֵי‎ mighty heroes Ezekiel 32:21 (אֵילֵי‎ MSS. Co); הָאֶרֶץ אֵילֵי‎ 17:13; 2 Kings 24:15 (Kt אולי‎); אֵילִים‎ Exodus 15:15 (probably plural of III. אַיִל‎, q. v.) These readings are uncertain because of an effort to distinguish these forms from the divine name. גִּבּוֺר אֵל‎ mighty hero (as above) ordivine hero (as reflecting the divine majesty) Isaiah 9:6.

2 angels, אֵלִים בְּנֵי‎ Psalm 29:1; 89:7 = הָאֱלֹהִים בְּנֵי‎.

3 gods of the nations, אֵלִים אֵל‎ God of gods, supreme God Daniel 11:36; בָּאֵלִם כָמֹכָה מִי‎ who is like thee among the gods Exodus 15:11; idols Isaiah 43:10; 44:10, 15, 17; 46:6; בשמים אל מי‎ what God in heaven Deuteronomy 3:24; אחר אֵל‎ another god Exodus 34:14 (J); זר אֵל‎ foreign god Psalm 44:21; 81:10; נכר אל‎ Deuteronomy 32:12; Malachi 2:11; Psalm 81:10.

4 El proper name ברית אל‎ El Berith Judges 9:46 (= ברית בעל‎ 8:33; 9:4) compare also

6 (f) below

5 as characterizing mighty things in nature, אל חררי‎ mighty mountains Psalm 36:7 (literally mountains of El); also 50:10 Ol Bi Che see below II. אלף‎; אל ארזי‎ mighty cedars 80:11; אל כוכבי‎ lofty stars Isaiah 14:13.

6 God₂₁₇, the one only and true God of Israel: (a) הָאֵל‎ the God, the true God Genesis 31:13; 35:1, 3; 46:3 (E) 2 Samuel 22:31, 33, 48 (= Psalm 18:31; 18:33; 18:48) 68:20; 68:21; 77:15; הַנֶּאֱמָן הָאֵל‎ the faithful God Deuteronomy 7:9; הגדול האל‎ the great God 10:17 = Jeremiah 32:18; Daniel 9:4; Nehemiah 1:5; 9:32; הקדשׁ האל‎ the holy God Isaiah 5:17; יהוה האל‎ the God Yahweh 42:5; Psalm 85:9. (b) אֵלִי‎ my God Exodus 15:2 (poetry) Psalm 18:3; 22:2 (twice in verse); 22:11; 63:2; 68:25; 89:27; 102:25; 118:28; 140:7; Isaiah 44:17. (c) construct אל בית אל‎ the God of Bethel, who had his seat there Genesis 35:7 (E); אביך אל‎ God of thy fathers 49:25 (poetry); ישראל אל‎ Psalm 68:36; יעקב אל‎ Psalm 146:5; השמים אל‎ the God of heaven 136:26; סלעי אל‎ the God who is my rock 42:10; גילי שמחת אל‎ the God who is the joy of my exultation 43:4; רֳאִי אֵל‎ the God who lets himself be seen Genesis 16:13 (J); הכבוד אל‎ the God of glory Psalm 29:3; דעות אל‎ the all-knowing God 1 Samuel 2:3 (poetry); עוֺלָם אֵל‎ the everlasting God Genesis 21:33 (J); ישועתי אל‎ Isaiah 12:2; חַיָּ֑י אל‎ Psalm 42:9; אמת אל‎ 31:6 = אֱמוּנָה אל‎ Deuteronomy 32:4 (poetry); נקמות אל‎ Psalm 94:1 (twice in verse); גְּמֻלוֺת אל‎ Jeremiah 51:56. (d) אֶחָד אל‎ one God Malachi 2:10; גדול אל‎ a great God Deuteronomy 7:21; Psalm 77:14; 95:3; מסתתר אל‎ a God hiding himself Isaiah 45:15; רחום אל‎ a compassionate God Exodus 34:6 (J) Deuteronomy 4:31; Psalm 86:15; נשא אל‎ a forgiving God 99:8; חַנּוּן אל‎ a gracious God Nehemiah 9:31; Jonah 4:2; קנא אל‎ a jealous God Exodus 20:5; 34:14 (J) Deuteronomy 4:24; 5:9; 6:15; Joshua 24:19 (D) = קנוא אל‎ Nahum 1:2; חי אֵל‎ a living God Joshua 3:10 (J) Hosea 2:1; Psalm 42:3; 84:3; צדיק אל‎ Isaiah 45:21; רשע חפץ אֵל לא‎ Psalm 5:5; אֵל לא‎ Deuteronomy 32:21 (poetry) Isaiah 31:3; Ezekiel 28:2 (twice in verse); 28:9; כמוךָ אל מי‎ Micah 7:18 (compare Exodus 15:11). (e) God (the only true God, needing no article or predicate to define him) Numbers 12:13 (E read אַל‎ Di) always in poetry, Job 5:8 + (55 t. Job), Psalm 7:12; 10:11-12, 16:1; 17:6; 19:1; 52:3, 7; 55:20; 57:3; 73:11, 17; 74:8; 77:10; 78:7-8, 18, 19, 34, 41; 82:1; 83:2; 90:2; 104:21; 106:14, 21; 107:11; 118:27; 139:17, 23; 149:6; 150:1; Isaiah 40:18; 43:12; 45:14, 20; 46:9; Lamentations 3:41; Hosea 11:9; 12:1; Malachi 1:9; עִמָּנוּאל‎ God is with us, as name of child in prediction Isaiah 7:14; compare 8:8, 10. (f) El, a divine name ישראל אלהי אל‎ Genesis 33:20 (E); הרוחות אלהי אל‎ Numbers 16:22 (P = הרוחות אלהי יהוה‎ 27:16); יהוה אלהים אל‎ Joshua 22:22 (P) Psalm 50:1. This is probable also in the ancient poems, Numbers 23:8, 19, 22, 23; 24:4, 8, 16, 23 (poetry Balaam "" שדּי‎ & עליון‎) Deuteronomy 32:18; 33:26 (poetry Moses "" צוּר‎ & קֶדֶם אֱלֹהֵי‎) 2 Samuel 22:32; 23:5 (poetry David "" צוּר‎) and in the combinations עליון אל‎ (5 t.; see עליון‎) & שדּי אל‎ (10 t.; see שַׁדַּי‎).

7 אֵל‎ strength, power (on connection with I. אָלָה‎ compare Di Genesis 1:1; 31:29) in יָדִי יֶשׁלְֿאֵל‎ it is according to the power of my hand = it is in my power, etc. 31:29 (E; followed by לְ‎ + Infinitive); יָדְ֯יךָ לְאֵל בִּהְיוֺת‎ Proverbs 3:27 (followed by id.); יָדָם יֶשׁלְֿאֵל‎ Micah 2:1; (absolute); negative יָדֶ֑ךָ לְאֵל וְאֵין‎ Deuteronomy 28:32 (absolute) = thou shalt be powerless, so Nehemiah 5:5. **See also Brock^{ZAW xxvi (1906). 29 ff.} (meaning 'might' very dubious: renders belongs to the god of (my) hand, supposing phrase a survival, with original meaning forgotten, of ancient idea, found also among other nations, of spirits conferring powers upon particular members of body).